ANCAREDOC_ALL variables are 1-digit variables.
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Missing
9 = NIU (not in universe)
Description
For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_ALL (M2A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider.
ANCAREDOC_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREDOC_02, ANCAREDOC_03, ANCAREDOC_04, ANCAREDOC_05, and ANCAREDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file.
For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a doctor was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREDOC_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section.
For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS.
Comparability — Index
Comparability
Apart from universe differences and a few slight differences in question wording (noted below), ANCAREDOC_ALL (M2A_x) has no comparability problems. For most samples, particularly those fielded after 2000, this information was collected for the last birth only. Exceptions, with information collected on additional births, are noted below.
Comparability - Standard DHS
ANCAREDOC_ALL (M2A_x) is included in the standard DHS questionnaire for Phase 2 forward.
Comparability — Afghanistan [top]
The 2015 Afghanistan survey collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Angola [top]
The 2015 Angola survey collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Bangladesh [top]
The Bangladesh surveys for 2000, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2014, and 2018 collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1994 and 1997 Bangladesh surveys collected this information for additional births.
The 1994 and 1997 Bangladesh surveys include the survey response "doctor." The 2000, 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh surveys include both "qualified doctor" (responses in ANCAREDOC_ALL) and "unqualified doctor" (ANCAREBD2_01).
Comparability — Benin [top]
The 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2017 Benin surveys collected this information on the last birth only; the 1996 Benin survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Burkina Faso [top]
The 2003 and 2010 Burkina Faso surveys collected this information on the last birth only; the 1993 and 1998 Burkina Faso surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Burundi [top]
The 2010 and 2016 Burundi surveys collected this information for the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Cameroon [top]
The 2004 and 2011 Cameroon surveys collected this information on the last birth only; the 1991 and 1998 Cameroon surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Chad [top]
The 2004 and 2014 Chad surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1996 Chad survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Comoros [top]
The 2012 Comoros survey collected this information on the last birth only; the 1996 survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Congo (Democratic Republic) [top]
The 2007 and 2013 Congo Democratic Republic surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Cote d'Ivoire [top]
The 2011 Cote d'Ivoire survey collected this information on the last birth only; the 1994 and 1998 Cote d'Ivoire surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Egypt [top]
All Egyptian surveys, including 1992, 1995, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2008, and 2014, collected information on all births in the reference period, not most recent births only.
Comparability — Ethiopia [top]
The 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian surveys include the survey response "doctor." The 2000 and 2005 Ethiopian surveys include the response "health professional" (ANCAREET1_01), which would include doctors, nurses, and midwives. Both the 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Gabon [top]
The 2000 and 2012 Gabon surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Gambia [top]
The 2013 and 2019 Gambia surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Ghana [top]
The Ghana 2003, 2008, and 2014 surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1993 and 1998 Ghana surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Guinea [top]
The 2005, 2012, and 2018 Guinea surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1999 Guinea survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — India [top]
The 2005, 2015, and 2019 India surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1998 Indian survey collected this information on the most recent and second-most-recent births only; the 1992 Indian survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Jordan [top]
The 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017 Jordan surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1990 and 1997 Jordan surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Kenya [top]
The 2003, 2008, and 2014 Kenyan surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1993 and 1998 Kenyan surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Lesotho [top]
The 2004, 2009, and 2014 Lesotho surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Liberia [top]
The 2007, 2013, and 2019 Liberia surveys collected this information for the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Madagascar [top]
The 2003, 2008, and 2021 Madagascar surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Malawi [top]
The 1992 Malawi survey collected this information on all births during the reference period. The 1992 Malawi survey includes the survey response "doctor." The 2000, 2004, and 2010 Malawi surveys include the related survey response "doctor/clinical officer" (ANCAREMW2_01).
Comparability — Mali [top]
The 2001, 2006, and 2012 Mali surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1995 Mali survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Morocco [top]
The 2003 Moroccan survey collected this information on the most recent birth only. The 1992 Moroccan survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Mozambique [top]
The 2003 and 2011 Mozambique surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1997 Mozambique survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Myanmar [top]
The 2015 Myanmar survey collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Namibia [top]
The 2000, 2006, and 2013 Namibia surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1992 Namibia survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Nepal [top]
The 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 Nepal surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1996 Nepal survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Niger [top]
The 2006 and 2012 Niger surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1992 and 1998 Niger surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Nigeria [top]
The 2003, 2008, and 2013 Nigerian surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1990 and 1999 Nigerian surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Pakistan [top]
The 2006, 2012, and 2017 Pakistan surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1991 Pakistan survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Rwanda [top]
The Rwanda 2000, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2014, and 2019 surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1992 Rwanda survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Sao Tome [top]
The 2008 Sao Tome survey collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — Senegal [top]
The Senegal surveys for 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 collected information on the most recent birth only; the 1992 and 1997 Senegal surveys collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Sierra Leone [top]
The 2008, 2013, and 2019 Sierra Leone surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only.
Comparability — South Africa [top]
The 2016 South Africa survey collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1998 South Africa survey collected this information on additional births.
The 2016 South Africa survey includes the response category "doctor/gynecologist."
Comparability — Sri Lanka [top]
The 1987 Sri Lanka survey asks, "Did you visit a doctor or a clinic for a check on this pregnancy?" The 1987 Sri Lanka survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Uganda [top]
The 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 Ugandan surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1995 Ugandan survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Yemen [top]
The 2013 Yemen survey collected information on the most recent birth only; the 1991 Yemen survey collected information on additional births.
Comparability — Zambia [top]
The 2001, 2007, and 2013 Zambia surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1992 and 1996 Zambia surveys collected this information for additional births.
Comparability — Zimbabwe [top]
The 1999, 2005, 2010, and 2015 Zimbabwe surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1994 Zimbabwe survey collected this information on additional births.
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Angola 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 1994: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 1997: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2000: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2004: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2018: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Benin 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Benin 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 1991: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Central African Republic 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Chad 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Comoros 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Comoros 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo Brazzaville 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo Brazzaville 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 1994: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1992: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1995: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2003: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Gabon 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Gabon 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Gambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Gambia 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 1992: Ever-married women age 13-49 who gave birth in the 4 years before the survey.
- India 1998: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- India 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 1990: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 1997: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2002: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2009: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 2021: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Mali 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Myanmar 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 1996: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2001: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Niger 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 1990: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 1999: Women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 1991: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2006: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sao Tome 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care.
- Senegal 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care.
- Senegal 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care.
- Senegal 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care.
- Senegal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care.
- Senegal 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sierra Leone 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sierra Leone 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sierra Leone 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sri Lanka 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Togo 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Togo 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 4 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Yemen 1991: Ever-married women age 15-54 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Yemen 2013: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1994: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
