ANCAREHW_ALL variables are 1-digit variables.
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Missing
9 = NIU (not in universe)
Description
For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREHW_ALL (M2H_x) indicates whether a community or village health worker gave antenatal care. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider.
ANCAREHW_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREHW_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREHW_02, ANCAREHW_03, ANCAREHW_04, ANCAREHW_05, and ANCAREHW_06). For most surveys, this information on antenatal care from a community health worker was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section.
Comparability — Index
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GENERAL Chad Ethiopia Ghana |
Guinea Namibia Nepal Nigeria |
Sri Lanka Tanzania Uganda Zimbabwe |
Comparability
In additional to universe differences, question wording for ANCAREHW_ALL (M2H_x) varied slightly across samples. Most survey forms included the term "community/village health worker." A minority of samples, discussed below, used alternative wording for such a person. Most surveys collected information for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted below.
Comparability - Standard DHS
ANCAREHW_ALL (M2H_x) is included in the standard DHS questionnaire for Phase V forward.
Comparability — Chad [top]
The 2004 and 2014 Chad surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1996 Chad survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Ethiopia [top]
The 2005 Ethiopian survey includes "community health agent" as a response category. The 2011 Ethiopian survey includes the more common "VCHW [village/community health worker]."
Comparability — Ghana [top]
The 2008 Ghanaian survey includes "community/village health volunteer" as a response category. The 2014 Ghanaian survey includes "village health volunteer" as a response category.
Comparability — Guinea [top]
The 2018 Guinea survey collected this information on the last birth only.
Comparability — Namibia [top]
The 2013 Namibia sample includes the response category "community health care provider."
Comparability — Nepal [top]
The 1996 Nepal sample includes "Village health worker" as a write-in response category. The 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 Nepal samples include the response category "village health worker" as a response category.
The 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 Nepal surveys collected this information on the most recent birth only; the 1996 Nepal survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Nigeria [top]
The 1990 Nigerian survey includes "village health worker" as a response category. The 2008 and 2013 Nigerian surveys include the more common "community/village health worker" as a response category. The 2008 and 2013 Nigerian survey collected this information on the last birth only; the 1990 Nigerian survey collected this information for additional births.
Comparability — Sri Lanka [top]
The 1987 Sri Lanka sample asks, "Did the Family Health midwife visit you when you were pregnant with (NAME)?"
The 1987 Sri Lanka survey collected this information on additional births.
Comparability — Tanzania [top]
The 1991, 1996, 1999, 2004, and 2010 Tanzanian samples include "village health worker" as a response category, while the 2015 Tanzanian sample includes "community health worker" as a response category. The 1991 and 1996 Tanzanian surveys collected this information for all births; later Tanzania surveys collected this information for the last birth only.
Comparability — Uganda [top]
The 2011 Ugandan sample includes the response category "community/village health team."
Comparability — Zimbabwe [top]
The 2010 and 2015 Zimbabwean samples include the response category "village health worker."
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Gambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Gambia 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Myanmar 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 1996: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2001: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 1990: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sierra Leone 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sierra Leone 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sierra Leone 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sri Lanka 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1991: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Togo 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
