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BIOFHEMOLEVELALT (V456)
Hemoglobin level (g/dl) adjusted for altitude (respondents to women's survey)
Return to Female blood testing variables list

BIOFHEMOLEVELALT (V456) is a 3-digit numeric variable with 1 implied decimal place that represents the adjusted hemoglobin level in grams per deciliter of female respondents except for the following codes:

Codes

993 = Not present
994 = Refused
995 = Other
996 = Inconsistent
998 = Missing
999 = NIU (not in universe)

Description

BIOFHEMOLEVELALT (V456) reports the level of hemoglobin in the respondent's blood, in terms of grams per deciliter (g/dl), based on testing of blood drawn by DHS personnel, and adjusted for altitude. Hemoglobin levels are tested to determine the presence and severity of anemia. BIOFHEMOLEVELALT is a 3-digit variable with 1 implied decimal place.

The USAID publication Adjusting Hemoglobin Values in Program Surveys explains, "At elevations above 1000 m. hemoglobin concentrations increase as an adaptive response to the lower partial pressure of oxygen and reduced oxygen saturation of blood." The report further provides an equation for adjusting hemoglobin values in altitudes at 500-meter intervals, and explains that adjustment is important because "WHO hemoglobin cutoffs for anemia refer to sea-level values."

For a summary statement of anemia status, based on grouped hemoglobin level results, see BIOFANEMIALVL (V457).

Comparability

Apart from universe differences, BIOFHEMOLEVELALT (V456) is comparable across samples.

Comparability - Standard DHS

BIOFHEMOLEVEL is included in Phase IV forward of the standard DHS recode.

Universe

  • Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Benin 2001: Women age 15-49 whose hemoglobin was measured in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Burkina Faso 2003: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 whose hemoglobin was measured in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2005: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2005: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Ethiopia 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Gabon 2012: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Gambia 2013: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Gambia 2019: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Ghana 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2014: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Guinea 2005: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Guinea 2012: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Guinea 2018: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • India 2005: Women age 15-49 in states other than Nagaland.
  • India 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2002: Ever-married women age 15-49 whose hemoglobin was measured in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Jordan 2009: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households selected for women's biomarkers.
  • Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Lesotho 2009: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Liberia 2019: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Madagascar 2003: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements with a comleted biomarker questionnaire who granted consent for hemoglobin testing.
  • Madagascar 2008: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements who granted consent for hemoglobin testing.
  • Malawi 2010: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Malawi 2016: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Mali 2001: Women age 15-49 whose hemoglobin was measured in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Mali 2006: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Mali 2012: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Mozambique 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Myanmar 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2013: Women age 15-64 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Nepal 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Nepal 2016: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Niger 2006: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Rwanda 2005: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements who granted consent for hemoglobin testing.
  • Rwanda 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2010: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Rwanda 2014: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Sao Tome 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2005: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Senegal 2008: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements who granted consent for hemoglobin testing.
  • Senegal 2010: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Senegal 2017: Women age 15-49 for whom a measurement was found in the household.
  • Sierra Leone 2008: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Sierra Leone 2013: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Sierra Leone 2019: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • South Africa 2016: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Tanzania 2004: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Togo 2017: Women age 15-49 who granted consent for hemoglobin testing.
  • Uganda 2001: Women age 15-49 who granted consent for hemoglobin testing.
  • Uganda 2006: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Yemen 2013: Women age 15-49 in households selected for hemoglobin measurements.
  • Zambia 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh: 2011-W, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Benin: 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-B, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Burkina Faso: 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W
  • Burundi: 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W, 2016-W
  • Cameroon: 2004-B, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B
  • Congo (Democratic Republic): 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Congo Brazzaville: 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Egypt: 2000-C, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-W, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Eswatini (Swaziland): 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W
  • Ethiopia: 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Gabon: 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B
  • Gambia: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B
  • Ghana: 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C
  • Guinea: 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • India: 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2005-W, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B
  • Jordan: 2002-C, 2002-B, 2002-W, 2002-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2009-C, 2009-W, 2009-W, 2009-B, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Lesotho: 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Liberia: 2019-W, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • Madagascar: 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W
  • Malawi: 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Mali: 2001-C, 2001-B, 2001-W, 2001-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Mozambique: 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-W
  • Myanmar: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Namibia: 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W
  • Nepal: 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Niger: 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-W, 2012-W
  • Nigeria: 2018-W, 2018-W
  • Rwanda: 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-B
  • Sao Tome: 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-B
  • Senegal: 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2017-W, 2017-B, 2017-C, 2017-W
  • Sierra Leone: 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W, 2019-B, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • South Africa: 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Tanzania: 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-W
  • Togo: 2017-W, 2017-C
  • Uganda: 2001-W, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2001-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C
  • Yemen: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W
  • Zambia: 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Zimbabwe: 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W