Description
For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFEDMO_ALL (M5_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for a birth, including cases where 1) the woman was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until its death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR_ALL on the duration of breastfeeding.
For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the age at death.
BRSFEDMO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDMO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDMO_02, BRSFEDMO_03, BRSFEDMO_04, BRSFEDMO_05, and BRSFEDMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file.
The information in BRSFEDMO_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS.
Comparability — Index
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GENERAL Afghanistan Burundi |
India Jordan Myanmar |
Pakistan Senegal South Africa |
Comparability
BRSFEDMO_ALL (M5_x) is affected by changes in question wording and substantial universe differences. Users should be attentive to changes across phases, particularly in Phase VI, that affect how the duration of breastfeeding is calculated. See "Comparability - Standard DHS," below.
The maximum number of months reported depends on the cut-off age for children included in the child health inquiry. Thus, for samples including children under age 5, the number of months of breastfeeding is top-coded at 60; for samples including children under age 4, the top-code is 48 months; for samples including children under age 3, the top-code is 36 months. See the Universe tab for details on samples of interest.
Comparability - Standard DHS
BRSFEDMO_ALL (M5_x) is included in all phases of the standard DHS questionnaire.
In Phases I through V, the questionnaire asks, "For how many months did you breastfeed (child)?"
Beginning in Phase VI, the relevant questions in the standard questionnaire are, "How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast?" and, if the child is alive, "Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)?" If the respondent's child was ever breastfed but is not currently breastfeeding, he or she is coded as "Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding" (code "92"). In Phase VI forward, the only monthly numeric codes are for children who are still breastfeeding.
Comparability — Afghanistan [top]
The 2015 Afghanistan survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but no further information is available for children who are not the last-born children. Only last-born children are included in BRSFEDMO_ALL for this sample. Researchers may wish to use BRSFEDCAT_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — Burundi [top]
The 2016 Burundi survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but no further information is available for children who are not the last-born children. Only last-born children are included in BRSFEDMO_ALL for this sample. Researchers may wish to use BRSFEDCAT_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — India [top]
The 2015 India survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but it only asks how long the last-born child was breastfed. Only last-born children are included in BRSFEDMO_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — Jordan [top]
The 2017 Jordan survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but no further information is available for children who are not the last-born children. Researchers may wish to use BRSFEDCAT_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — Myanmar [top]
The 2015 Myanmar survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but no further information is available for children who are not the last-born children. Only last-born children are included in BRSFEDMO_ALL for this sample. Researchers may wish to use BRSFEDCAT_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — Pakistan [top]
The 2017 Pakistan survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but no further information is available for children who are not the last-born children. Researchers may wish to use BRSFEDCAT_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — Senegal [top]
The 2017 Senegal survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but no further information is available for children who are not the last-born children. Researchers may wish to use BRSFEDCAT_ALL for this sample.
Comparability — South Africa [top]
The 2016 South Africa survey asks whether any child was ever breastfed, but it only asks how long the last-born child was breastfed. Children who are not the last-born child but who were breastfed are not included in BRSFEDMO_ALL for this sample.
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Angola 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 1994: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 1997: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2000: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2004: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Benin 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Benin 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 1987: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 1991: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Central African Republic 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Chad 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo Brazzaville 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 1994: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1988: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1992: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1995: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2003: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1988: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 1992: Ever-married women age 13-49 who gave birth in the 4 years before the survey.
- India 1998: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- India 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 1990: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 1997: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2002: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2009: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1989: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2009: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and whose child is still living.
- Madagascar 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 1987: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Mali 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Myanmar 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 1996: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2001: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Niger 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 1990: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 1999: Women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 1991: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2006: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and whose child is still living.
- Rwanda 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 1986: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sri Lanka 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Sudan 1989: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1991: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Togo 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Togo 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tunisia 1988: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 1988: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 4 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Yemen 1991: Ever-married women age 15-54 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Yemen 2013: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and whose child is still living.
- Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1988: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1994: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
