Registration and access for IPUMS DHS is managed by The DHS Program, which is not reviewing new user applications or requests for expanded access from currently approved users at this time. IPUMS DHS data remain available to approved users.
This is a numeric variable that represents a percentage with up to two decimal places.
Description
SOLIDFUELSAMPLE reports the percentage of households in the DHS survey sample that used a solid fuel to cook inside the home, based on the variable COOKFUEL. Solid fuels include coal/lignite, charcoal, wood, straw/shrub/grass, agricultural crops, animal dung/waste, processed biomass (pellets) or woodchips, garbage/plastic, and sawdust. This variable has been calculated by IPUMS using Chapter 2 of the DHS Guide to Statistics 8 and weighted using the variable HHWEIGHT.
Comparability
Apart from universe differences between samples, this variable has no comparability problems.
Afghanistan:
2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W
Angola:
2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-H, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-H, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W
Bangladesh:
2004-M, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2004-H, 2007-M, 2007-W, 2007-H, 2007-C, 2007-W, 2007-B, 2011-M, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2014-H, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2018-H, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B
Benin:
1996-C, 1996-H, 1996-B, 1996-W, 1996-M, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-H, 2001-B, 2001-M, 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2011-B, 2011-M, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2011-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-M, 2017-H, 2017-W
Burkina Faso:
2003-M, 2003-W, 2003-H, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2010-B, 2010-M, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-W, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-H
Burundi:
1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-M, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-H, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W, 2016-M, 2016-H, 2016-W
Cameroon:
2004-M, 2004-H, 2004-B, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-M, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-H
Chad:
2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B, 2014-M, 2014-H
Comoros:
2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-M, 2012-H
Congo (Democratic Republic):
2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2007-M, 2007-H, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-M, 2013-H
Congo Brazzaville:
2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-M, 2005-H, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-H, 2011-M
Cote d'Ivoire:
2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-M, 2011-H
Egypt:
2000-C, 2000-W, 2000-H, 2000-B, 2000-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-H, 2003-W, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-C
Eswatini (Swaziland):
2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-H, 2006-M, 2006-W
Ethiopia:
2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-H, 2000-B, 2000-M, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-H, 2005-M, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2011-M, 2011-C, 2011-H, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-M, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B, 2019-H
Gabon:
2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2000-M, 2000-H, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-H, 2012-M
Gambia:
2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-M, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B, 2019-M, 2019-H
Ghana:
2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-H, 2003-M, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2008-B, 2008-M, 2008-W, 2008-H, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2014-M, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-H, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-H
Guinea:
2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-H, 2005-M, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2012-B, 2012-M, 2012-C, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2018-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-H
India:
1992-C, 1992-W, 1992-B, 1992-H, 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 1998-H, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-M, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2005-W, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B, 2019-M, 2019-H
Jordan:
2002-C, 2002-B, 2002-W, 2002-W, 2002-H, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2007-H, 2009-C, 2009-W, 2009-H, 2009-W, 2009-B, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-M, 2017-H, 2017-W
Kenya:
2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-M, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2003-H, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-M, 2008-W, 2008-H, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-H, 2014-M, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2020-W, 2020-C, 2020-H
Lesotho:
2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-M, 2004-H, 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-W, 2009-M, 2009-H, 2014-W, 2014-H, 2014-M, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
Liberia:
2007-W, 2007-H, 2007-M, 2007-B, 2007-C, 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-H, 2011-H, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2013-H, 2013-W, 2016-H, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2019-H, 2019-M, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
Madagascar:
2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-M, 2003-H, 2008-H, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2008-M, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2011-C, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-H, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-H, 2021-M, 2021-H, 2021-B, 2021-C, 2021-W
Malawi:
2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-H, 2000-M, 2000-B, 2000-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-H, 2004-W, 2004-M, 2004-C, 2010-C, 2010-M, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2012-H, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2016-M, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-H
Mali:
2001-C, 2001-B, 2001-M, 2001-W, 2001-H, 2001-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2012-M, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-H, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2018-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-H
Morocco:
1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B, 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-H, 2003-W
Mozambique:
2003-W, 2003-W, 2003-H, 2003-M, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2011-B, 2011-M, 2011-C, 2011-H, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-H
Myanmar:
2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W
Namibia:
2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-H, 2000-B, 2000-M, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-M, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2013-B, 2013-M, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-H, 2013-W
Nepal:
2001-W, 2001-M, 2001-H, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-M, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-M, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-M, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
Niger:
2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-M, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-H
Nigeria:
2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-H, 2003-M, 2008-H, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-M, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-H, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2013-W, 2013-H, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-H, 2018-H, 2018-W, 2018-M, 2018-B, 2018-C, 2018-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-H
Pakistan:
2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2012-M, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-M, 2017-H, 2017-W
Rwanda:
2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-H, 2000-B, 2000-M, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-M, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2008-H, 2008-M, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2010-H, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-M, 2010-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-H, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2014-M, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-H, 2019-M, 2019-H, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
Sao Tome:
2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-M, 2008-H
Senegal:
1986-W, 1986-B, 1986-C, 2005-B, 2005-M, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2006-H, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2008-C, 2008-H, 2008-W, 2010-H, 2010-M, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2014-H, 2014-W, 2014-M, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B, 2015-H, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W, 2015-M, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-M, 2017-H, 2017-W, 2017-M, 2017-B, 2017-C, 2017-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-H
Sierra Leone:
2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-H, 2008-M, 2008-W, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-M, 2016-H, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2019-M, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W, 2019-H
South Africa:
2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-M, 2016-H, 2016-W
Sudan:
1989-W, 1989-C, 1989-B
Tanzania:
2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-H, 2004-M, 2004-W, 2010-M, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-M, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-H, 2015-W, 2015-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-H
Togo:
1988-W, 1988-C, 1988-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-M, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-H
Tunisia:
1988-W, 1988-C, 1988-B
Uganda:
2001-H, 2001-W, 2001-M, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2001-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2009-H, 2009-C, 2009-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-M, 2011-H, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2014-W, 2014-H, 2014-C, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-M, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-H
Yemen:
2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-W
Zambia:
2001-M, 2001-H, 2001-B, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-H, 2007-W, 2007-M, 2007-C, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2018-W
Zimbabwe:
1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-H, 1999-M, 1999-W, 1999-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-M, 2010-C, 2010-H, 2010-M, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-W, 2015-H, 2015-M, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W
Survey Text
Afghanistan 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Angola 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Angola 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Angola 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Bangladesh 2004
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Bangladesh 2007
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Bangladesh 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Bangladesh 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Bangladesh 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Benin 1996
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Benin 2001
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Benin 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Benin 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Benin 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burkina Faso 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burkina Faso 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burkina Faso 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burkina Faso 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burundi 1987
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burundi 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burundi 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Burundi 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Cameroon 2004
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Cameroon 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Cameroon 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Cameroon 2022
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Chad 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Comoros 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Congo Brazzaville 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Congo Brazzaville 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Cote d'Ivoire 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Egypt 2000
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Egypt 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Egypt 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ethiopia 2000
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ethiopia 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ethiopia 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ethiopia 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ethiopia 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Gabon 2000
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Gabon 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Gambia 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Gambia 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ghana 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ghana 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ghana 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ghana 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Ghana 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Guinea 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Guinea 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Guinea 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Guinea 2021
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
India 1992
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
India 1998
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
India 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
India 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
India 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Jordan 2002
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Jordan 2007
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Jordan 2009
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Jordan 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Jordan 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Kenya 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Kenya 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Kenya 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Kenya 2020
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Lesotho 2004
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Lesotho 2009
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Lesotho 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Liberia 2007
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Liberia 2009
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Liberia 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Liberia 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Liberia 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Liberia 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Madagascar 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Madagascar 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Madagascar 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Madagascar 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Madagascar 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Madagascar 2021
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2000
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2004
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Malawi 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mali 2001
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mali 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mali 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mali 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mali 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mali 2021
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Morocco 1987
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Morocco 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mozambique 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mozambique 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Mozambique 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Myanmar 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Namibia 2000
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Namibia 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Namibia 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nepal 2001
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nepal 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nepal 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nepal 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Niger 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Niger 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Niger 2021
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2003
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Nigeria 2021
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Pakistan 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Pakistan 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Pakistan 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2000
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Rwanda 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Sao Tome 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 1986
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2012
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Senegal 2021
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Sierra Leone 2008
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Sierra Leone 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Sierra Leone 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Sierra Leone 2019
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
South Africa 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Sudan 1989
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Tanzania 2004
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Tanzania 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Tanzania 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Tanzania 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Togo 1988
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Togo 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Togo 2017
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Tunisia 1988
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2001
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2006
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2009
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2011
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2014
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2016
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Uganda 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Yemen 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zambia 2001
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zambia 2007
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zambia 2013
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zambia 2018
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zimbabwe 1999
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zimbabwe 2005
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zimbabwe 2010
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.
Zimbabwe 2015
No questionnaire text is available for this sample.