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TIMETOWTRIND (V115)
Time to water source (from individual respondent record)
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Codes

TIMETOWTRIND (V115) is a 3-digit numeric variable.

360 = 360+
994 = One day or longer
995 = On premises
996 = Non-resident
997 = Don't know
998 = Missing
999 = NIU (not in universe)

Description

TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record.

The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record.

Comparability — Index

GENERAL
 Bangladesh

Comparability

In addition universe differences (i.e., the types of households with specific water sources that were excluded from the question), the kind of water (potable versus other) referred to varies across samples. For example, some surveys ask how long it takes to get to the household's source of drinking water, while others ask about travel time to the household's source of water for non-drinking purposes, such as washing or cooking. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Universe tab for samples of interest.

Comparability - Standard DHS

TIMETOWTRIND (V115) is included in the standard DHS questionnaire for Phase II forward. In the standard Phase II questionnaires, TIMETOWTRIND (V115) refers to the time to get to the source of water used for household purposes, such as washing and cooking. In Phase III forward, TIMETOWTRIND refers to the time to get to the source of drinking water.

Comparability — Bangladesh [top]

The 1994 Bangladesh survey asked "how long does it take to go there" [to get water used for dishwashing]. Waiting time to collect water is not included, but rather is asked about in a separate question. While many surveys explicitly ask how long it takes to get to water and return, the 1994 Bangladesh survey question may be perceived by some respondents as asking about only travel time to water, but not time to return (implying half the time that might be reported in other surveys).

The 2011 and 2014 Bangladesh surveys asked, "How long does it take to go there [to the source of drinking water], get water, and come back?" Users should be cautious about comparing results from the 1994 and 2011 Bangladesh surveys for this variable, due to the substantial change in question wording.

Universe

  • Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Angola 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 1994: Ever-married women age 10-49 in households whose washing water is not piped into the dwelling.
  • Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49.
  • Bangladesh 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2001: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling and is not from rainwater.
  • Benin 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2017: All women age 15-49.
  • Burkina Faso 1993: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling or a well in the dwelling/plot.
  • Burkina Faso 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well on the dwelling plot.
  • Burkina Faso 2003: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well on the dwelling/plot or rainwater.
  • Burkina Faso 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Burundi 1987: All women age 15-49.
  • Burundi 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Burundi 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Cameroon 1991: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Cameroon 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot and is not rainwater.
  • Cameroon 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cameroon 2018: All women age 15-64.
  • Central African Republic 1995: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into residence/plot or from a well in residence/own plot or rainwater or bottled water.
  • Chad 1996: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, a vendor, or rainwater.
  • Chad 2004: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling or a water seller.
  • Chad 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 1994: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, a well in the dwelling/plot, or rainwater.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, a well in the dwelling/plot, or rainwater.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 1988: Ever-married women age 15-49. (for mothers of births)
  • Egypt 1995: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling and is not from a well in the dwelling.
  • Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, a well in the dwelling/plot, or bottled water.
  • Egypt 2003: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into dwelling/own plot, from well in dwelling/own plot, or bottled water.
  • Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2000: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot and is not rainwater.
  • Ethiopia 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 1993: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, a well in the dwelling, or rainwater.
  • Ghana 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Ghana 2003: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, bottled water, or satchel water.
  • Ghana 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 1999: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or a tanker truck.
  • Guinea 2005: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot.
  • Guinea 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • India 1992: Ever-married women age 13-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot.
  • India 1998: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, a well in the dwelling/plot, or an open well.
  • India 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 1997: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the residence/plot, from a well in the residence/plot, or from rainwater, tanker truck, or bottled water.
  • Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 1989: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking and drinking water is not piped into the dwelling or rainwater.
  • Kenya 1993: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling or rainwater.
  • Kenya 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling or rainwater.
  • Kenya 2003: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Kenya 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into residence/plot or from a well in residence/own plot or rainwater or bottled water.
  • Lesotho 2009: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Liberia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking is not piped into the dwelling, a well in the dwelling, or bottled water.
  • Madagascar 1997: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling.
  • Madagascar 2003: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a welling the dwelling/plot or rainwater.
  • Madagascar 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Malawi 2000: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not rainwater.
  • Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot.
  • Malawi 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 1995: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2001: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot or bottled water.
  • Mali 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Mozambique 1997: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot or rainwater.
  • Mozambique 2003: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot or rainwater.
  • Mozambique 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Myanmar 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, a well in the dwelling/plot, or rainwater.
  • Namibia 2000: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Namibia 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 1996: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling and is not from a well in the dwelling.
  • Nepal 2001: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling and is not from a well in the dwelling.
  • Nepal 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Niger 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, a well in the dwelling, rainwater, or from a tanker truck.
  • Niger 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, a vendor, or rainwater.
  • Niger 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Niger 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 1990: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Nigeria 1999: Women age 10-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, rainwater, a tanker truck, or vendor.
  • Nigeria 2003: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Nigeria 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 1991: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Pakistan 2006: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Rwanda 2000: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Rwanda 2005: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, bottled water, or a tanker truck.
  • Rwanda 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Senegal 1997: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is outside the dwelling/plot and not rainwater or bottled water.
  • Senegal 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2017: All women age 15-49.
  • South Africa 1998: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a tanker truck or bottled water.
  • South Africa 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Sri Lanka 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot.
  • Tanzania 1991: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, rainwater, or a tanker truck.
  • Tanzania 1996: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, or rainwater.
  • Tanzania 1999: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not rainwater.
  • Tanzania 2004: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Tanzania 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Togo 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 1995: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling or rainwater.
  • Uganda 2001: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Uganda 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Yemen 1991: Ever-married women age 15-54 in households whose source of drinking water is outside of the dwelling.
  • Yemen 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 1992: Women age 15-49 in households whose non-drinking water is not piped into the dwelling or a well in the dwelling.
  • Zambia 1996: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling or bottled water.
  • Zambia 2001: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling, and is not from a well in the dwelling, rainwater, or bottled water.
  • Zambia 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 1994: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling.
  • Zimbabwe 1999: Women age 15-49 in households whose drinking water is not piped into the dwelling/plot, and is not from a well in the dwelling/plot or rainwater.
  • Zimbabwe 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Afghanistan: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Angola: 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Bangladesh: 1994-W, 1994-C, 1994-W, 1994-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Benin: 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-B, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Burkina Faso: 1993-W, 1993-C, 1993-B, 1998-B, 1998-C, 1998-W, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W
  • Burundi: 1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Cameroon: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 1998-W, 1998-B, 1998-C, 2004-B, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B
  • Central African Republic: 1995-W, 1995-C, 1995-B
  • Chad: 1996-W, 1996-C, 1996-B, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2004-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B
  • Congo (Democratic Republic): 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Congo Brazzaville: 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 1994-W, 1994-C, 1994-B, 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Egypt: 1988-W, 1988-B, 1988-C, 1995-C, 1995-B, 1995-W, 1995-W, 2000-C, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Eswatini (Swaziland): 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W
  • Ethiopia: 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Ghana: 1993-W, 1993-B, 1993-C, 1998-C, 1998-B, 1998-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2016-W, 2016-C
  • Guinea: 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • India: 1992-W, 1992-C, 1992-B, 1998-W, 1998-B, 1998-C, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Jordan: 1997-W, 1997-W, 1997-B, 1997-C, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Kenya: 1989-W, 1989-C, 1989-B, 1993-W, 1993-B, 1993-C, 1998-C, 1998-W, 1998-B, 1998-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Lesotho: 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Liberia: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W
  • Madagascar: 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 1997-W, 1997-C, 1997-B, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2008-W
  • Malawi: 1992-C, 1992-W, 1992-B, 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Mali: 1995-W, 1995-C, 1995-B, 2001-W, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-B, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Mozambique: 1997-W, 1997-C, 1997-B, 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W
  • Myanmar: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Namibia: 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W
  • Nepal: 1996-C, 1996-W, 1996-B, 2001-W, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Niger: 1992-W, 1992-C, 1992-B, 1998-B, 1998-C, 1998-W, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W
  • Nigeria: 1990-W, 1990-B, 1990-C, 1999-B, 1999-C, 1999-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Pakistan: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Rwanda: 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-W, 2014-C
  • Senegal: 1992-W, 1992-B, 1992-C, 1997-C, 1997-W, 1997-B, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2014-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • South Africa: 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Sri Lanka: 1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B
  • Tanzania: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 1996-W, 1996-B, 1996-C, 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W
  • Togo: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Uganda: 1995-W, 1995-C, 1995-B, 2001-W, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2001-W, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Yemen: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W
  • Zambia: 1992-C, 1992-W, 1992-B, 1996-W, 1996-C, 1996-B, 2001-B, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2013-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Zimbabwe: 1994-W, 1994-W, 1994-B, 1994-C, 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 1999-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W