Codes and Frequencies
Description
TOSNUFF (V463E) indicates whether the woman uses snuff, either by mouth or by nose.
Comparability — Index
GENERAL Benin Burundi Ethiopia Malawi |
Mali Nepal Nigeria Pakistan |
Senegal South Africa Tanzania Uganda |
Comparability
In addition to universe differences, the wording of this response category varies slightly across samples. Countries of particular interest are noted below.
Comparability - Standard DHS
Questions involving tobacco use are included in the standard DHS questionnaire beginning in Phase IV. TOSNUFF (V463E) is included in the standard DHS questionnaire in Phases V through VII.
In Phases V and VI, the question wording was "Do you currently smoke cigarettes?" with a follow-up question asking, "Do you currently smoke or use any other type of tobacco?" In Phase VII, the question wording changed to "Do you currently smoke cigarettes every day, some days, or not at all?" with a follow-up question asking, "Do you currently smoke or use any other type of tobacco every day, some days, or not at all?"
In Phases V and VI, a follow-up question about what type of tobacco the respondent uses includes "Snuff" as a standard response category.
In Phase VII, the snuff response category was divided into "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on snuff use, regardless of the ingestion method, the two response categories are consolidated in TOSNUFF to form a single, more comprehensive variable. Countries of particular interest are noted below.
Comparability — Benin [top]
The 2017 Benin survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Burundi [top]
The 2016 Burundi survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Ethiopia [top]
The 2005, 2011, and 2016 Ethiopia surveys include "Snuff/Suret" as a response category.
Comparability — Malawi [top]
The 2016 Malawi survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Mali [top]
The 2018 Mali survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Nepal [top]
The 2016 Nepal survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Nigeria [top]
The 2018 Nigeria survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Pakistan [top]
The 2017 Pakistan survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Senegal [top]
The 2017 Senegal survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — South Africa [top]
The 2016 South Africa survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Tanzania [top]
The 2015 Tanzania survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Comparability — Uganda [top]
The 2016 Uganda survey includes separate categories for "Snuff by mouth" (TOSNUFFM (V463H)) and "Snuff by nose" (TOSNUFFN (V463D)). Because TOSNUFF focuses on all use of snuff, the two responses are consolidated in TOSNUFF to create a more comprehensive response category.
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Benin 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Benin 2017: All women age 15-49.
- Burkina Faso 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Burundi 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Burundi 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 in households selected for the male survey.
- Comoros 2012: All women age 15-49.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Congo Brazzaville 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2005: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Gabon 2012: All women age 15-49.
- Gambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Gambia 2019: All women age 15-49.
- Ghana 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Ghana 2014: All women age 15-49.
- India 2005: All women age 15-49.
- India 2015: All women age 15-49.
- India 2019: All women age 15-49.
- Kenya 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 in households selected for the long questionnaire.
- Lesotho 2004: All women age 15-49.
- Lesotho 2009: All women age 15-49.
- Lesotho 2014: All women age 15-49.
- Liberia 2007: All women age 15-49.
- Liberia 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Liberia 2019: All women age 15-49.
- Madagascar 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Malawi 2004: All women age 15-49.
- Malawi 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Malawi 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Mali 2012: All women age 15-49.
- Mali 2018: All women age 15-49.
- Mozambique 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Myanmar 2015: All women age 15-49.
- Namibia 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Namibia 2013: All women age 15-64.
- Nepal 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Nepal 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Nepal 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Niger 2012: All women age 15-49.
- Nigeria 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Nigeria 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Nigeria 2018: All women age 15-49.
- Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Rwanda 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Rwanda 2014: All women age 15-49.
- Rwanda 2019: All women age 15-49.
- Sao Tome 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Senegal 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Senegal 2017: All women age 15-49.
- Sierra Leone 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Sierra Leone 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Sierra Leone 2019: All women age 15-49.
- South Africa 2016: Women age 15-49 in households selected for the adult health questionnaire.
- Tanzania 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Tanzania 2015: All women age 15-49.
- Togo 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Uganda 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Uganda 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Uganda 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Zambia 2007: All women age 15-49.
- Zambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Zambia 2018: All women age 15-49.
- Zimbabwe 2005: All women age 15-49.
- Zimbabwe 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Zimbabwe 2015: All women age 15-49.