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TVFQ (V159)
Frequency of watching television
Return to Media exposure, general variables list

Codes and Frequencies



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Description

TVFQ (V159) reports how often the woman usually watches television (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day).

For a comparable variable asking whether the woman watches television at least once a week, see TVWK (V110). For a variable bridging TVFQ and TVWK (V110), see TVBRIG.

Comparability — Index

GENERAL
Angola
 Jordan
Pakistan
 Togo
Yemen

Comparability

The possible response categories for TVFQ (V159) change across phases. See the Survey Text tab for exact question wording.

To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding for this variable. The answer "Not at all" is coded 0. For women who report watching television, IPUMS-DHS uses a 2-digit coding system, where the first digit indicates whether the respondent watches television less than once a week (coded 10) or more than once a week (20). The second digit displays additional information available for some samples, with code 21 indicating "At least once a week" and 22 indicating "At least once a day."

Comparability - Standard DHS

TVFQ (V159) is included in the standard DHS questionnaire beginning in Phase IV. While the question wording for TVFQ (V159) remains the same across phases, the response categories differ. In Phases IV and V of the standard DHS questionnaire, the response categories are: Almost every day, At least once a week, Less than once a week, and Not at all. In Phase VI, the category "Almost every day" was removed, so the highest frequency that can be reported is "At least once a week."

A similar question appears in Phases I through III, where respondents were asked whether they watch television every week (TVWK (V110)).

Comparability — Angola [top]

The 2015 Angola survey asks, "Do you watch television more than once a week, at least once a week, or not at all?"

Comparability — Jordan [top]

The 1990 Jordan survey asks, "Do you usually watch television: rarely, sometimes, or frequently?" To maximize comparability, IPUMS-DHS coded the "Rarely" responses as "Not at all" (code "0"), the "Sometimes" responses as "Less than once a week" (code "21"), and the "Frequently" responses as "At least once a week" (code "22").

The 1997 Jordan survey asks, "How often do you watch television? Would you say: Every day or almost every day, at least once a week, at least once a month, hardly ever year, never, don't know?" To maximize comparability, IPUMS-DHS coded "Once a month" as "Less than once a week" (code "10"), and "Hardly ever" and "Never" as "Not at all" (code "0").

Comparability — Pakistan [top]

The 2012 Pakistan survey asks, "Do you watch television daily, at least once a week, occasionally, or not at all?" To maximize comparability, IPUMS-DHS coded the "Daily" responses as "Almost every day" (code "22") and the "Occasionally" responses as "Less than once a week" (code "21").

Comparability — Togo [top]

The 1998 Togo survey asks, "Do you usually watch television often, sometimes, or never?" To maximize comparability, IPUMS-DHS coded "Often" as "At least once a week" (code "22"), "Sometimes" as "Less than once a week" (code "10"), and "Never" as "Not at all" (code "0").

Comparability — Yemen [top]

The 2013 Yemen survey asks, "Do you watch television every day, at least once a week, or not at all?" To maximize comparability, IPUMS-DHS coded the "Daily" responses as "Almost every day" (code "22").

Universe

  • Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Angola 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2000: Ever-married women age 10-49.
  • Bangladesh 2004: Ever-married women age 10-49.
  • Bangladesh 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49.
  • Bangladesh 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2018: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2001: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2017: All women age 15-49.
  • Burkina Faso 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Burkina Faso 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Burundi 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Burundi 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Cameroon 2004: All women age 15-49.
  • Cameroon 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cameroon 2018: All women age 15-64.
  • Cameroon 2022: All women age 15-49.
  • Chad 2004: All women age 15-49.
  • Chad 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Comoros 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2003: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2000: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Gabon 2000: All women age 15-49.
  • Gabon 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Gambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Gambia 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 1990: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 1997: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2002: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2020: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2004: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2009: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Liberia 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Liberia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Liberia 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2000: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2004: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2001: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Morocco 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Mozambique 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Mozambique 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Myanmar 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2000: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2013: All women age 15-64.
  • Nepal 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Niger 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Niger 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Niger 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2000: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Sao Tome 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2017: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Sierra Leone 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Sierra Leone 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Sierra Leone 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • South Africa 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2004: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Togo 1998: All women age 15-49.
  • Togo 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Tunisia 1988: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2001: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2009: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Yemen 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2001: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 1999: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Afghanistan: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Angola: 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Bangladesh: 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-W, 2007-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Benin: 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-B, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Burkina Faso: 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W
  • Burundi: 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W, 2016-W
  • Cameroon: 2004-B, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2022-W, 2022-C
  • Chad: 2004-W, 2004-C, 2004-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B
  • Comoros: 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-W
  • Congo (Democratic Republic): 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Congo Brazzaville: 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Egypt: 2000-C, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Eswatini (Swaziland): 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W
  • Ethiopia: 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Gabon: 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B
  • Gambia: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B
  • Ghana: 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C
  • Guinea: 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W, 2021-W, 2021-C
  • India: 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2005-W, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B
  • Jordan: 1990-W, 1990-W, 1990-C, 1990-B, 1997-W, 1997-W, 1997-B, 1997-C, 2002-C, 2002-B, 2002-W, 2002-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Kenya: 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2020-W, 2020-C
  • Lesotho: 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Liberia: 2007-W, 2007-B, 2007-C, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W, 2019-W, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • Madagascar: 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2021-B, 2021-C, 2021-W
  • Malawi: 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Mali: 2001-C, 2001-B, 2001-W, 2001-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W, 2021-W, 2021-C
  • Morocco: 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-W
  • Mozambique: 2003-W, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-W
  • Myanmar: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Namibia: 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W
  • Nepal: 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Niger: 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2021-W, 2021-C
  • Nigeria: 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2013-W, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2018-W, 2018-B, 2018-C, 2018-W, 2021-W, 2021-C
  • Pakistan: 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Rwanda: 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • Sao Tome: 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-B
  • Senegal: 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2017-W, 2017-B, 2017-C, 2017-W, 2021-W, 2021-C
  • Sierra Leone: 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W, 2019-B, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • South Africa: 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Tanzania: 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-W
  • Togo: 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Tunisia: 1988-W, 1988-C, 1988-B
  • Uganda: 2001-W, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2001-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2009-C, 2009-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C
  • Yemen: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W
  • Zambia: 2001-B, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2013-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Zimbabwe: 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 1999-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W