Codes and Frequencies
Description
For women who gave birth in the last five years and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy, ANCPRIVMIS_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported receiving care at a faith-based health facility.
Some samples in the "ANC" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as ANCPRIVMIS_01, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables.
Comparability — Index
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GENERAL Burundi Cameroon |
Eswatini (Swaziland) Lesotho |
Malawi Tanzania |
Comparability
In addition to universe differences, ANCPRIVMIS_01 varies slightly in question wording across samples, as different types of facilities are mentioned, including hospitals, health centers, clinics, and dispensaries. However, these places are consistently labeled as "mission" or "religious" facilities and are organized under a "Private Medical Sector" header.
ANCPRIVMIS_01 is ultimately concerned with whether any faith-based health facility was reported, not about the specific type of facility reported. In some cases, multiple categories were consolidated to form a single, more comprehensive response. Countries of particular interest are noted below.
Because the wording of responses varies across samples, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Survey Text tab for samples of interest.
Comparability - Standard DHS
An open-ended question on where antenatal care was sought is included in Phase V forward of the standard DHS questionnaire.
Although responses in this variable are country-specific and not included in the standard DHS modules, they are integrated in ANCPRIVMIS_01 to increase comparability across samples.
Comparability — Burundi [top]
In the 2016 Burundi survey, there are separate categories for "registered hospital," "registered health center," and "other registered medical sector." Because ANCPRIVMIS_01 focuses on all faith-based facilities, these responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving the country-specific categories:
Comparability — Cameroon [top]
In the 2011 and 2018 Cameroon survey, there are separate categories for "religious hospital" and "religious health center." Because ANCPRIVMIS_01 focuses on all faith-based facilities, these responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving the country-specific categories:
Comparability — Eswatini (Swaziland) [top]
In the 2006 Swaziland/Eswatini survey, there are separate categories for the "Hospital," "Clinic," and "Other." Because ANCPRIVMIS_01 focuses on all faith-based facilities, these responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving the country-specific categories:
Comparability — Lesotho [top]
In the 2014 Lesotho survey, there are separate categories for "CHAL [Christian Health Association of Lesotho] hospital," "CHAL health center," and "CHAL health post." Because ANCPRIVMIS_01 focuses on all faith-based facilities, these responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving the country-specific categories:
- CHAL hospital is listed as ANCLS1_01 in IPUMS-DHS
- CHAL health center is listed as ANCLS2_01 in IPUMS-DHS
- CHAL health post is listed as ANCLS3_01 in IPUMS-DHS
In the 2004 and 2009 Lesotho surveys, ANCLS1_01 and ANCLS2_01 are consolidated in ANCPRIVMIS_01.
Comparability — Malawi [top]
In the 2004 and 2010 Malawi surveys, there are separate categories for "religious hospital" and "religious health center." Because ANCPRIVMIS_01 focuses on all faith-based facilities, these responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving the country-specific categories:
Comparability — Tanzania [top]
In the 2004, 2010, and 2015 Tanzania surveys, there are separate categories for "religious referral/specialist hospital," "religious district hospital," "religious health center," and "religious dispensary." Because ANCPRIVMIS_01 focuses on all faith-based facilities, these responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving the country-specific categories:
- Referral/specialist hospital is listed as ANCTZ8_01 in IPUMS-DHS
- District hospital is listed as ANCTZ9_01 in IPUMS-DHS
- Health center is listed as ANCTZ10_01 in IPUMS-DHS
- Dispensary is listed as ANCTZ11_01 in IPUMS-DHS
Universe
- Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Kenya 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy, in households selected for the long questionnaire.
- Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Lesotho 2009: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Malawi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Malawi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Tanzania 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Tanzania 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Tanzania 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Zambia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Zimbabwe 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
- Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received antenatal care during their most recent pregnancy.
